As you start to plan for your future, both in terms of financial affairs and health care needs, you may wonder what estate planning and elder law entail and how they differ. Estate planning and elder law also have some similarities.
Even though these two types of law are for different stages in life, they are often handled at the same time. This is because many people wait till later in life to start their estate planning process. When an older person creates an estate plan, they may also need some elder law counseling. To better understand the two areas of the legal field, we will look at the solutions they provide, questions they answer, and how they can work together.
Estate Planning
The main goal of estate planning is to choose legal documents that will determine what will happen to you and your assets once you have passed away or become incapacitated. An estate planning attorney will help you make important decisions, such as:
- Who makes medical and financial decisions if you are unable
- Who has permission to view your medical records
- How assets are distributed after you are gone
- Who cares for minor children if you become incapacitated or die
- Who manages money for your minor children if you are no longer able
- How to handle your funeral arrangements and burial
Durable Powers of Attorney
By using a general durable power of attorney document, you can name a person, or persons, to make financial decisions on your behalf if you are no longer able to do so. Expressing your end-of-life wishes requires designating a person to make healthcare decisions for you by completing a health care directive. By completing a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) form, you will give your health care providers permission to share your medical records with the people listed on your HIPAA form.
Wills and Trusts
In your will, you can name the beneficiaries of your estate as well as a guardian to care for any minor children you may have at the time of your death. You can also name a conservator to manage the money you leave for their benefit. Some people create a trust, or trusts, to hold their assets during their lifetime and after death. They then sign a pour-over will that moves assets into their trust(s) upon death. You can leave instructions concerning your funeral or memorial service and what you want to happen to your remains in your will or a separate document.
Elder Law
Whereas estate planning focuses mostly on what happens after a person dies, the area of elder law focuses on a person’s last years or months. This can include planning for long-term care and applying for government assistance, such as Medicaid, Medicare, and veterans’ benefits, if applicable. Using elder law tools and strategies, an elder law attorney can help you find ways to preserve your assets while preparing to apply for benefits.
Like estate planning, it is best to start the elder law planning process well in advance. To qualify for benefits, such as Medicaid, you may have to sell or transfer ownership of some assets years before applying for benefits. To qualify for benefits, you must follow government rules when giving away or transferring ownership of your assets, making the application process complex. Hiring a skilled attorney can make the difference between receiving benefits quickly or not at all.
Elder law attorneys can help seniors and their families recognize when seniors’ rights are being violated and take legal action to counter abuse, neglect, and discrimination, which seniors are at greater risk of facing.
Tying Estate Planning and Elder Law Together
It is best to start your estate planning process as soon as possible since the decisions involved could come at any time due to an accident or an illness. Planning for end-of-life care and the benefits associated with it may come later in life, but preparing well in advance lets you legally reduce assets for an extended period to qualify for benefits, like Medicaid.
Even younger families just starting their estate planning process may look at elder law planning at the same time for senior family members’ needs. When helping a parent plan for long-term care expenses, certain estate planning tools like trusts are commonly used to access Medicaid and other government benefits. An attorney experienced in both estate planning and elder law can advise you in these areas and help you navigate complicated processes.
This article offers a summary of aspects of estate planning law. It is not legal advice and does not create an attorney-client relationship. For legal advice, you should contact an attorney. Call for a consultation today (207)848-5600 or check out our CONTACT page.
